Effect of Terbium Ion Substitution in Inverse Spinel Nickel Ferrite: Structural and Magnetic Study

Deepa Guragain,Sunghyun Yoon,Subash Chandra Bhandari,Tej Prasad Poudel,Binod Kumar Rai,Sanjay R Mishra

doi:10.3390/magnetochemistry6010014

Deepa Guragain, Sunghyun Yoon + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry6010014

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Abstract

Doping rare-earth ions into spinel ferrites can alter their electrical and magnetic properties. The present study delineates the structure–property relationship of the effect of rare-earth terbium doping in NiFe2O4 ferrite. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) showed unit cell lattice expansion with increased Tb3+ content. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results indicate preferential occupancy of Tb3+ at the octahedral B site. The magnetic parameters derived from room temperature hysteresis loops where both the saturation magnetization, Ms, and coercivity, Hc, value decreased with the Tb3+ substitution and reached a minimum value of Ms ~30.6 emu/g at x = 0.1 and Hc ~102 Oe at x = 0.075. The temperature-dependent magnetocrystalline anisotropy derived from the magnetic isotherm was observed to be the highest for x = 0.1 at 5 K with the value K1 ~1.09 × 106 J/m3. The Tb3+ doping also resulted in the Curie temperature reduction from 938 K at x = 0.0 to 899 K at x = 0.1.

Highlights

Nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) with a spinel structure has the general formula AB2O4 [1], where all Ni ions are located at the B (Octahedral) site, and iron ions are at both the A (Tetrahedral) and B sites [2]
The magnetic and dielectric properties of NiFe2O4 are highly dependent on the cation distribution, which in turn are strongly dependent on the preparation method [4,5,6,7]
It has been observed that the substitution of rare-earth elements such as Nd3+, Gd3+, Ho3+, Er3+, Tm3+, Y3+, and Lu3+ decreases the Curie temperature [16,20,22] compared to pure ferrites, and become more useful for magneto-optical recording [20,23]

Summary

Introduction

Nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) with a spinel structure has the general formula AB2O4 [1], where all Ni ions are located at the B (Octahedral) site, and iron ions are at both the A (Tetrahedral) and B sites [2]. It has been observed that the substitution of rare-earth elements such as Nd3+, Gd3+, Ho3+, Er3+, Tm3+, Y3+, and Lu3+ decreases the Curie temperature [16,20,22] compared to pure ferrites, and become more useful for magneto-optical recording [20,23].

Results

Conclusion