Abstract
In this study, the effect of temperature treatment during the preparation process of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles was systematically examined for a drug delivery carrier. The CaCO3 powder was prepared by the precipitation method at different annealing temperatures. The morphologies, elemental compositions and crystal structures of the synthesized CaCO3 powder were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy and X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), respectively. The result shows that the particle size increased with an increase in annealing temperature. Based on the crystal structure analyzed from XRD, the sample was perfectly matched with the calcite/vaterite polymorphs phases. The crystallite size and lattice strains of the CaCO3 powder were calculated from the full width at half maximum parameter. The results show that the increase in annealing temperature leads to an increase in crystallite size and a decrease in lattice strain. The CaCO3 powder has a dielectric constant of 6.0-6.8 that reduced with the increase in applied frequency. The crystal structure, crystallite size, lattice strain, and dielectric properties of CaCO3 powder are dependent of the annealing temperature. Such properties confirm that CaCO3 powder is suitable for drug delivery carrier application.
Highlights
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is a major biomineral found abundantly in both organic and inorganic compounds[1]
We found that the particle size, crystal structure and dielectric constant of the CaCO3 powders depend on the reaction temperature
The particle size and morphology of CaCO3 can be controlled by adjusting the reaction temperature in a reflux step of precipitation and annealing temperatures
Summary
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is a major biomineral found abundantly in both organic and inorganic compounds[1]. Nanoparticle CaCO3 fillers have an extremely large surface to volume ratio and may have considerably stronger reactions with the polymer matrix than their microparticle counterparts. CaCO3 exists in three polymorphic forms: calcite, vaterite, and aragonite. Calcite crystallizes in the hexagonal system, is stable at room temperature, and is the least soluble phase of the polymorphs. Vaterite crystallizes in the hexagonal crystal system and is the least stable polymorph, while aragonite polymorph crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system and is stable at high temperatures and pressures. These three phases have different lattice parameters that influence the properties and fabrication of the organicinorganic compound[4]. To the best of our knowledge, the crystal structure and lattice strain of CaCO3 powders
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