Effect of Temperature on the Synthesis of Methyl Ester via the Transesterification of Waste Black Seed Oil and Castor Seed Oil Admixture

Bello Yunusa Makama

doi:10.11648/j.ajasr.20190501.13

Abstract

There is an increasing attempt in biodiesel production (fatty acid methyl ester) because of the depleting fossil fuel resources as well as the similarity in properties when compared to those of diesel fuels. Engines set off on biodiesel have lower emissions of carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, and air toxics than engines runned on petroleum-based diesel fuel. We reported the optimization of Coconut oil methyl esters production via methyl ester from black oil/castor seed oils admixture under various operating conditions. The optimum yield, temperature, catalyst concentration and reaction time were found to be 93%, 60°C, 1.0% (wt of crude oil admixture) and 60 minutes respectively. Many fuel properties (viscosity, specific gravity and flash point) as measured according to standard methods, also found to conform to international standard.

Highlights

Transesterification is the reaction between ester and alcohol via acid catalysts such as H2SO4, a base catalyst such as NaOH or KOH, or enzymes to produce another ester that is Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME)
In this work we reported our findings from the effect of temperature in the production of biodiesel from castor and black seed oils admixture; it varies from 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, and 80°C
We reported our experimental findings from varying temperature(s) in the production of biodiesel from the admixture

Summary

Introduction

Transesterification is the reaction between ester and alcohol via acid catalysts such as H2SO4, a base catalyst such as NaOH or KOH, or enzymes to produce another ester that is Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME). A study on biodiesel production by ethanolysis of mixed castor oil and soybean oils using KOH as catalyst showed no appropriate substrate preference [1-7]. Most of the biodiesel comes up from transesterification of edible resources such as animal fats, vegetable oils, and even waste cooking oil, under alkaline catalysis conditions. R1, R2 and R3 are long hydrocarbon chains, sometimes called fatty acid chains. They usually range from 12 to 20 carbons atoms in Vegetable oils.

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Conclusion