Abstract
Calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings are able to improve the osseointegration process due to their chemical composition similar to that of bone tissues. Among the methods of producing CaP coatings, the electrochemically assisted deposition (ECAD) is particularly important due to high repeatability and the possibility of deposition at room temperature and neutral pH, which allows for the co-deposition of inorganic and organic components. In this work, the ECAD of CaP coatings from an acetate bath with a Ca:P ratio of 1.67, was developed. The effect of the ECAD conditions on CaP coatings deposited on commercially pure titanium grade 4 (CpTi G4) subjected to sandblasting and autoclaving was presented. The physicochemical characteristics of the ECAD-derived coatings was carried out using SEM, EDS, FTIR, 2D roughness profiles, and amplitude sensitive eddy current method. It was showed that amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) coatings can be obtained at a potential −1.5 to −10 V for 10 to 60 min at 20 to 70 °C. The thickness and surface roughness of the ACP coatings were an increasing function of potential, time, and temperature. The obtained ACP coatings are a precursor in the process of apatite formation in a simulated body fluid. The optimal ACP coating for use in dentistry was deposited at a potential of −3 V for 30 min at 20 °C.
Highlights
Modification of biomaterials’ surface is one of the most developed areas of material engineering in recent years [1,2,3]
Calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings were successfully deposited on the commercially pure titanium grade 4 (CpTi Grade 4 (G4)) substrate subjected to mechanical polishing, sandblasting, and autoclaving using the electrochemically assisted deposition (ECAD) method from the acetate bath at the deposition potential −1.5 to −10 V relative to the open circuit potential for 10 to 60 min using the bath temperature from 20 to 70 ◦ C
The surface morphology of the CaP coatings was significantly changed with deposition potential, time, and temperature
Summary
Modification of biomaterials’ surface is one of the most developed areas of material engineering in recent years [1,2,3]. The progressive development of civilization requires the design of biomaterials with high durability and supporting the regeneration process. These assumptions are achieved by the deposition of bioactive coatings on the surface of metallic biomaterials. The chemical composition of such biomimetic coatings is similar to that of the surrounding tissues. They create a microenvironment that enables osseointegration and reconstruction of tissues surrounding the implant. They can be a source of tissue-forming elements and constitute a carrier of medicinal substances
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