Effect of telerehabilitation on motor and functional outcomes in people with spinal cord injuries – a systematic review

Abstract

Purpose To summarise the evidence on telerehabilitation for improving motor and functional outcomes in people with Spinal Cord Injuries (SCI). Methods PubMed, Cochrane and Web of Science were searched to identify the eligible studies from October to December 2021. Randomised control trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, and case-control studies were included if they delivered exercises/rehabilitation through synchronous and asynchronous mode of telerehabilitation.. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for RCTs and ROBINS-I tool for non-RCTs. The included studies were qualitatively synthesised and tabulated to present study characteristics. Result Four articles (190 participants) were included in the present review. Three studies reported significant improvement in motor outcome measures such as Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM) II, Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), ReJoyce Automated Hand Function Test (RAHFT), pinch and grip forces and isometric muscle strength of shoulder muscles. One study reported no difference between the control and experimental groups for the motor outcomes measured using 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and 6-Minute Push Test. Conclusion Telerehabilitation was found to improve motor and functional outcomes in people with SCI and can be considered as a feasible treatment option in rehabilitation after SCI. Prospero registration: CRD42022349245