Abstract
ABSTRACTThis study investigates the effects of T-2 toxin and antioxidants on the incidence and severity of angel wing in White Roman geese. Twelve pens were used in this study, and half of them received dietary supplementation of T-2 toxin (10 ppm) and antioxidants (vitamin C 1000 ppm plus Se 0.3 ppm). Each pen contained birds from the normal wing line (NL), the selected angel wing line (AL), and a controlled commercial line (CL). The results showed that there was no significant difference in the body weight, body weight gain, and feed intake of goslings that were supplemented from birth to 6 weeks of age with T-2 toxin and antioxidants. The alkaline phosphatase level in the T-2 toxin group was lower than that in the control group at 4 and 6 weeks. The haemoglobin level in the T-2 toxin group was lower than that in the control group at 6 weeks. There was a significant interaction between T-2 toxin and antioxidants in the severity score of angel wing (SSAW) and incidence of angel wing (IAW) at 6 weeks. In conclusion, the results suggest that a diet supplemented with T-2 toxin does reduce alkaline phosphatase levels. When the diet contained T-2 toxin and antioxidants, the SSAW and IAW increased.
Highlights
Angel wing (AW) is an anomaly in certain growing waterfowl
It was estimated that about 4.4% of Masked Booby chicks exhibited AW during March 2005. This coincided with a time of high nestling mortality that was apparently related to food shortage; this prompted speculation on the causal linkages between food shortages and AW (Pitman et al 2012)
There was no significant effect between the control and T-2 toxin groups on body weight at the age of 6 weeks
Summary
Angel wing (AW) is an anomaly in certain growing waterfowl. Abnormal wing has been termed as slipped wing (Kreeger & Walser 1984), twisted wing (Grow 1972), AW (Francis et al 1967), or airplane wing (Ritchie et al 1994). AW is characterized by a lateral torsion of the distal end of the forelimb, on either side or both sides. It occurs mostly at the carpometacarpus, where the limb begins to twist outward away from the body towards the extremity of the wing. It was estimated that about 4.4% of Masked Booby chicks exhibited AW during March 2005. This coincided with a time of high nestling mortality that was apparently related to food shortage; this prompted speculation on the causal linkages between food shortages and AW (Pitman et al 2012)
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