Abstract
BackgroundThe t (11;14) (q13;32) translocation [t (11;14)] is present in ∼20% of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), but studies examining its prognostic ability have yielded divergent results, and data are lacking on outcomes from first-line therapy. Patients and MethodsData from the Connect MM Registry, a large US, multicenter, prospective observational cohort study of patients with NDMM were used to examine the effect of t (11;14) status on first-line therapy outcomes in the Overall population (n = 1574) and race groups (African American [AA] vs. non-African American [NAA]). ResultsBaseline characteristics were generally similar between patients with (n = 378) and without (n = 1196) t (11;14). Prevalence of t (11;14) was similar by race (AA, 27%; NAA, 24%). In the overall population, regardless of first-line therapy, t (11;14) status did not affect progression-free survival (hazard ratio, 1.02; P = 0.7675) or overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.99; P = .9417). AA patients with t (11;14) had higher likelihood of death (Nominal Cox regression P = .0298) vs. patients without t (11;14). ConclusionsAcknowledging observational study and inferential limitations, this exploratory analysis of a predominantly community-based population suggests that t (11;14) is a neutral prognostic factor in the general MM population but may be a negative factor for overall survival in AA patients.
Highlights
In multiple myeloma (MM), the t (11;14) (q13;q32) translocation [t (11;14)] is a common cytogenetic abnormality and the most frequently occurring translocation found in 15% to 24% of patients.[1,2,3,4]
As of January 15, 2018, 3011 patients were enrolled in the Connect MM Registry, of whom 2938 were treated
The prevalence of t (11;14) was markedly higher in patients from cohort 2 of the registry. This might be a function of increased reporting, data entry, or actual testing at the site level during cohort 2 enrollment. These results from the mostly community-based Connect MM Registry show that t (11;14) appears to be a neutral prognostic factor in the general MM population, yet is a negative prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) in AA patients
Summary
In a retrospective study at the Mayo Clinic involving 365 patients with NDMM and t (11;14), results showed that compared with ageand diagnosis-matched controls with non-t (11;14) translocations or no translocations, patients with t (11;14) had lower overall response rates to initial therapy (P < .001). Compared with patients with no translocations, patients with t (11;14) had shorter median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS) (P = .001 and P < .01, respectively).[7] In contrast, findings of a retrospective analysis of young (aged < 66 years) patients with newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) enrolled in the Intergroupe Francophone
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