Abstract
Addition of Na2O to SiO2–CaO–P2O5 glass-ceramics significantly impacts in-vivo dissolution and structural network modifications. However, achieving a vitreous state in sol-gel derived quaternary oxide powders, like the 45S5 bioglass containing high amounts of Na2O, is challenging. Synthesis of (69.5-x)SiO2-24..5CaO-6P2O5-xNa2O (x = 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24.5 wt.%) ceramic powders has been carried out followed by heat-treatment between 500 °C and 700 °C. Structural characterization revealed that the vitreous state could be stabilized for Na2O content up-to 12wt.%. For higher Na2O content, the network transformed to a glass-ceramic state with the crystallization of combeite phase. In-vitro tests exhibited hydroxyapatite layer formation (Ca/P = 1.67) on all samples in simulated body fluid, regardless of structure. Samples were non-toxic to MG-63 osteoblast cells. The devitrification, bioactivity and associate properties of the quaternary system as a function of Na2O content is discussed with respect to envisaged biomedical applications.
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