Abstract
Crambe seeds have numerous industrial applications. Crambe seed oil contains mostly monounsaturated fatty acids. Seeds contain crude protein, amino acid, glucosinolates. They are used in human and animal nutrition. The aim of this study was to determine the physical and chemical properties of crambe seeds subjected to fertilization at 0, 15, 30 kg S ha−1. Thousand seed weight ranged from 6.93 g (0S) to 8.04 g (30S). All results were statistically significantly different. Length (L) of seeds ranged from 2.20 mm (0S, 15S) to 2.24 mm (30S), width (S) ranged from 1.90 mm (0S) to 1.95 mm (30S), surface area (F) ranged from 3.53 mm2 (0S) to 3.67 mm2 (30S). All samples (0S, 15S, 30S) formed one homogenous group for the values of L, S, F. Crude fat content was 349.8 g kg−1 DM (0S) to 377.9 g kg−1 DM (30S) and crude protein content was 241.0 g kg−1 DM (0S) to 250.3 g kg−1 DM (30S). The results for each sample were statistically significantly different. The results can be used in practice to determine the dose of sulfur fertilizer. Fertilization caused changes in 1000 seed weight of crambe. Additionally, selected linear dimensions and shape factors of crambe seeds were affected by fertilizer. Sulfur fertilization caused changes in the crude fat and crude protein content of crambe seeds.
Highlights
IntroductionCrambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst ex R.E. Fries) is native to the Mediterranean region and the highlands of eastern Africa
The highest result was determined for seeds fertilized with 30 kg S haÀ1 and was significantly higher than 1000 seed weight of seeds fertilized with 15 kg S haÀ1 and seeds without sulfur fertilization (0 kg S haÀ1)
This study concludes that sulfur fertilization contributed to a significant increase in the 1000 seed weight of crambe
Summary
Crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst ex R.E. Fries) is native to the Mediterranean region and the highlands of eastern Africa. The species is cultivated in the USA, Canada, several European countries (Poland, Sweden, Italy), Pakistan, India and China (Fontana et al, 1998, Wang et al, 2000). Crambe is grown as a spring crop in the temperate zone and as a winter crop in the Mediterranean region. The species is characterized by a short growing season (90–100 days), drought tolerance, disease- and pest-resistance (Machado et al, 2007). Due to its high plasticity and environmental adaptability, crambe can be grown in regions with precipitation levels of 350 to 1200 mm yÀ1, mean annual air temperature of 5–6 to 26 °C, and soil pH of 5 to 7.8 (Falasca et al, 2010)
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