Effect of sucrose and 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) on callus induction and proliferation of Coconut cv MATAG from Plumule Explants

Abstract

The coconut palm, also known as Cocos nucifera L is one of the world’s most important annual tropical plantation crops. This tropical crop makes a big difference in terms of food security, nutrition, employment, and income production. The plumule explant was used for this research in order to determine the effect of different concentrations of sucrose with 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) as the plant growth regulator and to perceive the most suitable concentration of sucrose towards callus induction and growth of plumule coconut cv MATAG. Various concentrations of sucrose (15, 30, 45, 60 g/L) with a combination of plant growth regulators of 2,4-D (1, 10, 20, 40, 60 mg/L) were used for callus formation and proliferation. The fastest formation of callus was at 20, 40, 60 mg/L 2,4-D that took 1-2 months. The percentage of explants that produced callus, with the highest percentage (5%) observed at 20-60 mg/L 2, 4-D combined with 30 g/L sucrose treatment. During the 5-6 months of culture, 60% of callus proliferation was obtained at 20 and 40 mg/L of 2, 4-D, respectively. The percentage of callus proliferation continued to increase for another 4 months. It increased up to 90%. Thus, it can be concluded that sucrose at 30 g/L combined with 40 mg/L of 2, 4-D was ideal and gave the best results for callus induction and proliferation.