Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to present the study on the effect of soil below the footing on the footing behavior. Also, it used two types of footings (Rigid and Flexible Footings). Footings are structural elements that transmit column or wall loads to the underlying soil below the structure. Footings are designed to transmit these loads to the soil without exceeding its safe bearing capacity, to prevent excessive settlement of the structure to a tolerable limit, to minimize differential settlement, and to prevent sliding and overturning. PLAXIS, finite element software package, was used to perform numerical modeling and analyses to evaluate the structural response and behavior of the square footing. The results show that the soil conditions below the footing may have a significant effect on the footing behavior such as vertical and horizontal displacements, stresses, and shear strains and should be considered during the design of footing.
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