Effect of sublingual immunotherapy on airway inflammation and immune imbalance in children with allergic asthma induced by dermatophagoides dust mite

Abstract

Objective To explore the effect of sublingual immunotherapy on airway inflammation and immune imbalance in children with allergic asthma induced by dermatophagoides dust mite. Methods The clinical data of 150 children with allergic asthma caused by dust mites treated at our hospital from December, 2014 to December, 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into a control group (n=78) and an observation group (n=72) according to different treatments. The control group were treated with glucocorticoid, and the observation group with glucocorticoid and dermatophagoides farinae drops. Results After 1 year’s treatment, the scores of day and night asthma symptoms were lower than those before the treatment in the two groups, and were so in the observation group than in the control group (P 0.05). After 1 years’ treatment, the levels of SIg G4 and INF-γ of dust mites was higher than those before the treatment in both groups; and the levels of SIg G4 and INF-γ of dust mites were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). The FeNO and IL-4 decreased after the treatment in both groups, and decreases more significantly in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). The total score of quality of life was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P< 0.05). Conclusions Sublingual immunotherapy for children with dermatophagoides allergic asthma can effectively improve the clinical symptoms, reduce the inflammatory response, control the number of asthma attacks, ensure the immune indidcators in a balanced state, and promote the children’s recovery. The value of the treatment is affirmed. Key words: Dermatophagoides dust mite allergy asthma; Children; Dermatophagoides farinae drops; Glucocorticoid stimulating agent; Inflammation; Immune indicators