Abstract
The available evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies is deemed not sufficient to draw conclusions about the potential health effects of static magnetic field (SMF) exposure. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the influence of static magnetic fields and phloretin on the redox homeostasis of human dermal fibroblasts. Control fibroblasts and fibroblasts treated with phloretin were subjected to the influence of static magnetic fields. Three chambers with static magnetic fields of different intensities (0.4, 0.55, and 0.7 T) were used in the study. Quantification of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 (MGST1), glutathione reductase (GSR), and catalase (CAT) messenger RNAs (mRNAs) was performed by means of real-time reverse transcription PCR (QRT-PCR) technique. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activities were measured using a commercially available kit. No significant differences were found in SOD1, SOD2, GPX1, MGST1, GSR, and CAT mRNA levels among the studied groups in comparison to the control culture without phloretin and without the magnet. There were also no changes in SOD, GPx, and CAT activities. In conclusion, our study indicated that static magnetic fields generated by permanent magnets do not exert a negative influence on the oxidative status of human dermal fibroblasts. Based on these studies, it may also be concluded that phloretin does not increase its antioxidant properties under the influence of static magnetic fields. However, SMF-induced modifications at the cellular and molecular level require further clarification.
Highlights
Living organisms exist in the Earth’s naturalmagnetic field (MF); they are genetically adapted to it
There was no significant difference in the expression of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) among the control cells, cells exposed to static magnetic field (SMF) with 0.4, 0.55, and 0.7 T flux density, and cells treated with phloretin and exposed to SMFs (p > 0.05, one-way ANOVA test)
The expression of microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 (MGST1) was found to be significantly lower after the exposition of cells to SMFs with 0.4 and 0.55 T flux density than in the cells treated with phloretin and without the magnet (p = 0.008 and p = 0.048, respectively, Tukey’s post hoc test)
Summary
Living organisms exist in the Earth’s naturalmagnetic field (MF); they are genetically adapted to it. The flux density of Earth’s constant magnetic field varies between 30 and 60 μT. MFs have been successfully used in medicine, mainly in treating disorders of the musculoskeletal, nervous, respiratory, cardiovascular and ocular systems, of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as in disorders of skin and soft tissue. The biological effects of MFs, such as the enhancement of soft tissue repair, or their antiinflammatory and anti-edema properties have been established experimentally, and they constitute a scientific basis for clinical applications of magnetic fields (Markov 2007; Henry et al 2008; Ekici et al 2012). The application of MFs in daily life may carry the risk of functional disorders in cells, tissues, and biological systems
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