Abstract
We prepared a cellulose nanofiber reinforced retrograded starch film that had adequate mechanical properties and water durability. Non-retrograded tapioca starch (NRS) and retrograded tapioca starch (RS) were blended with TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber (TCNF) in different weight ratios. Subsequently, the suspensions were cast into films using a solution casting method. It was demonstrated that TCNF/RS films exhibited reduced swelling in water and enhanced mechanical strength compared to TCNF/NRS films. X-ray diffraction confirmed the improvement in crystallinity with the introduction of retrograded starch and the contact angle test showed that retrograded starch blended films possessed high water resistance. These results suggested that retrograded starch blended TCNF films (TCNF/RS) have the potential to replace single-use petrochemical plastic packaging film.
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