Effect of Spraying with Brassinolide on Yield and its Components of Sesame Cultivars

Abstract

To investigate the impact of brassinolide spraying on sesame yield and its components, a field experiment was conducted in the summer of 2022 in the Karma region of the Anbar Governorate. Three independent replicates of the experiment were conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a split-plot layout. The cultivars (Sumer, Rafidain, Wadea, and Hadd) occupied the sub-plots, while the concentrations of brassinolide (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg L−1) comprised the main plots. The results showed that the Hadd cultivar was the best in terms of harvest index (22.9%), number of capsules produced by each plant (390.2 capsules plant-1), number of seeds produced by each capsule (96.42 seeds capsule−1), and total seed yield (2685.3 kg ha-1). Sumer was the only cultivar where the average weight of a thousand seeds was greater than any other (3.86 g). Brassinolide at a concentration of 1.5 mg L−1 resulted in an average of 273.9 capsules per plant, 95.50 seeds per capsule, 4.11 grams per thousand seeds, 2226.4 kilograms per hectare (kg) of seed output, 10.294 tons per hectare (t) of biological production, and a harvest index of 26.06%. The Hadd cultivar and a concentration of 1.5 mg L−1 had a significant interaction in terms of the number of capsules per plant, the number of seeds per capsule, the weight of a thousand seeds, total seed production (3017.9 kg ha−1), biological yield (13.707 tons ha−1) and harvest index.