Effect of splenectomy on the activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver of rats.

Abstract

Splenectomy was performed in adult female rats in order to investigate the influence of removal of the spleen on liver microsomal enzymes and cytochrome P-450 in vitro, as well as on the pharmacological activity of certain drugs in intact animals. Splenectomy significantly decreases the amount of cytochrome P-450 at 1 and 4 days after the operation, but not at 7 days. The activity of the enzymes catalyzing the metabolism of parathion, p-nitroanisole, and zoxazolamine is also decreased 4 days after splenectomy, whereas that of the enzymes involved in the metabolism of hexobarbital is unchanged. The maximal induction by phenobarbital of the enzymatic activities catalyzing the metabolism of parathion, p-nitroanisole, and zoxazolamine is prevented by splenectomy. Splenectomy exerts very little effect on plasma levels of hexobarbital and hexobarbital sleeping time; however, in both control and phenobarbital-pretreated rats, splenectomy results in a marked increase in the duration of zoxazolamine paralysis. These results indicate that splenectomy exerts inhibitory effects on certain liver microsomal enzymes, and provide some indirect evidence in support of the view that the hepatic blood supply is important for maintaining normal levels of drug-metabolizing enzyme activity in the liver.