Abstract
Background: Acetaminophen is a medication used to treat pain and fever. It is typically used for mild to moderate pain relief. Spirulina is a biomass of cyanobacteria that cultivated worldwide and used as a dietary supplement or whole food. It is also used as a feed supplement in the aquaculture, aquarium, and poultry industries. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of Spirulina on blood and kidney in mice. Methods: Twenty Swiss Albino mice (Mus musculus) were randomly divided into 4 equal groups’ viz., A, B, C, and D. Group A was kept as control and fed only normal diet. Group B was supplemented with acetaminophen where as group C was supplemented with acetaminophen and Spirulina, and group D was treated with Spirulina. Results: The application of acetaminophen did not have significant effect on hemoglobin and uric acid content. But the addition of Spirulina to the diet increased significantly (P<0.05) hemoglobin and uric acid level. Histopathological examination revealed that no significant changes were found in the kidney of all of treated groups in comparison with the mice of control group. Conclusions: The research work suggests that long-term ingestion of acetaminophen does not exert a significant change in hemoglobin or uric acid level but spirulina supplemented diet may be associated with the rise in hemoglobin and uric acid level without affecting renal tissue texture in a significant manner.
Highlights
Acetaminophen or paracetamol (N-acetyl-paraaminophenol [APAP]) used as an analgesic and antipyretic agent
Experimental diet The feed was supplied with Spirulina (Arthrospra platensis) which was collected from Department of Pharmocology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh
The result revealed that, the application of Acetaminophen did not have significant effect on hemoglobin content in mice when application was made for 90 days
Summary
Acetaminophen or paracetamol (N-acetyl-paraaminophenol [APAP]) used as an analgesic and antipyretic agent. Spirulina improves immune function (Pugh et al, 2001) and increase the production of interferons and interleukins (Lee and Werth, 2004) It decreases or prevents some allergic responses and blocks the release of histamine from mast cells during an allergic reaction (Mao et al, 2005). Spirulina help to fight cancer by promoting the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha, a chemical in the body that attacks tumor cells (Schwartz et al, 1988) It enhances the body's ability to generate new blood cells and increases disease resistance in animals, even in very small doses. The study has been conducted to know the effect of acetaminophen on blood and kidney histotexture and ameliorating effect of Spirulina against acetaminophen induced changes
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