Effect of species on total phenol, antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of different wild onion bulbs

Abstract

This study was focused on investigation of phenolic compounds, total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of some wild onions (Crocus chrysanthus (SDA1), Hyacinthella campanislata (SDA2), Muscari armaniacum (SDA3), Ornithogalum armeniacum (SDA4), Gagea granatelli (SDA5), Hyacinthella heldreichii (SDA6), Muscari neglectum (SDA7), Ornithogalum lanceolatum (SDA-8). SDA-3 had the maximum total phenolic content, with the range of 88.19 mg/100 g, followed by SDA-1 (82.50 mg/100 g). SDA-1 (29.32%) exhibited the best antioxidant activity, followed by SDA-3 (27.92%). The major phenolic compound of SDA-3, SDA-4, SDA-5, SDA-6 and SDA-8 was (+)-catechin, with the ranges of 35.23, 30.76, 33.72, 44.42 and 50.85 mg/100 g, respectively. The dominant phenolic acid of SDA-1 (86.15 mg/100 g) and SDA-7 (22.07 mg/100 g) was determined as gallic acid. Additionally, SDA-2 contained the highest content of isorhamnetin (53.87 mg/100 g). Results indicate that the bulbs of studied plants are potential sources of phenolic compounds and their methanolic extracts have antioxidant activity.