Abstract
The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of radial and cylindrical light distributions on the response of vascular tissue during 1470-nm irradiation in ex vivo models. Due to a low irradiance (5.3 W/cm2) and wide light distribution, cylindrically diffusing irradiation yielded uniform thermal coagulation while radial irradiation accompanied delamination of layers in leporine veins. Bovine foot model testing verified that the diffusing irradiation was associated with the steady maximum temperature and no tissue attachment, compared with the radial irradiation. The proposed cylindrical light application can be a feasible way to treat varicose veins in an effective manner.
Highlights
Varicose vein is a blood reflux disease caused by high venous pressure and dysfunctional valves in the saphenous veins [1,2,3]
In spite of effective treatment, endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) is often associated with excessive heating, leading to pain and burning that increase the risk of dermatitis [4, 12]
The He-Ne spatial light distributions qualitatively confirmed that the radial fiber emitted the light in a radial direction from the fiber tip (T) at an angle of around 45° with respect to the fiber axis
Summary
Varicose vein is a blood reflux disease caused by high venous pressure and dysfunctional valves in the saphenous veins [1,2,3]. In spite of effective treatment, EVLA is often associated with excessive heating, leading to pain and burning that increase the risk of dermatitis [4, 12]. To reduce these complications, various improvements have been suggested such as various wavelengths (810 to 2000 nm) [13, 14] and optical delivery devices (flat, tulip-shaped, lens-capped, and radial fiber) that are already in use for clinical applications [11, 15]. Further improvements on the delivery device are still required to ensure safety of EVLA
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