Abstract
The study was carried out during the year 2017-18 to check the effect of sowing methods on growth and yield of wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) through zero and other tillage methods, variety Sunheri was sown through different sowing methods. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with three treatments T<sub>1</sub> = Drilling zero tillage, T<sub>2</sub> = broadcasting after tillage and T<sub>3</sub> = drilling after tillage. The experiment was replicated three times. The observations were recorded on plant height (cm), tillers m<sup>-2</sup>, spike length (cm), spiklets spike<sup>-1</sup>, grains spike<sup>-1</sup>, seed index (1000-grain wt., g), biological yield (kg ha<sup>-1</sup>) and grain yield (kg ha<sup>-1</sup>). The results of the study summarized that the wheat variety sown by drilling (after tillage) showed remarkably superior performance with 81.03 cm plant height, 452.67 tillers m<sup>-2</sup>, 14.46 cm spike length, 17.33 spikelets spike<sup>-1</sup>, 45.33 grains spike<sup>-1</sup>, 50.66 g seed index (1000-grain weight), 6866.7 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> biological yield and 3595.50 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> grain yield. Drilling after tillage was followed by sowing method broadcasting after tillage with 77.06 cm plant height, 313.33 tillers m<sup>-2</sup>, 9.26 cm spike length, 14.66 spikelets spike<sup>-1</sup>, 36.00 grains spike<sup>-1</sup>, 40.00 g seed index (1000-grain weight), 6533.3 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> biological yield and 3060.0 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> grain yield. On the other hand drilling with zero tillage sowing method showed small 76.10 cm plant height less number of 320.67 tillers m<sup>-2</sup>, 8.00 cm spike length, 12.00 spikelets spike<sup>-1</sup>, 33.66 grains spike<sup>-1</sup>, 36.00 g seed index (1000-grain weight), 6500.0 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> biological yield and 3071.7 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> grain yield. It is concluded that the crop sown by drilling after tillage produced more grain yield of 3595.50 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> as compared to drilled with zero tillage 3071.7 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> and broadcasted after tillage (3060.0 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>).
Highlights
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), is an annual, selfpollinated and photo periodically long day plant
The study was carried out during the year 2017-18 to check the effect of sowing methods on the growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety Sunheri at the experimental field of Agriculture Research Institute, Usta Muhammad Jaffarabad-Balochistan, during Rab, 2017-18
The observations were recorded on plant height, tillers per meter sequere (m-2), spike length, spiklets spike-1, grains spike-1, seed index (1000-grain wt., g), biological yield and grain yield were recorded for analysis
Summary
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), is an annual, selfpollinated and photo periodically long day plant. Wheat producing regions/countries are China, India, United States, Russian Federation, France, Australia, Germany, Ukraine, Canada, Turkey, Pakistan, Argentina, Kazakhstan and United Kingdom.) It is the staple food for the people of Pakistan and meets the major dietary requirements, supplies about 60% of the calories and protein of the average diet [3]. Zero tillage is an agricultural technique, which increases the amount of water that infiltrates into the soil and increases organic matter retention and cycling of nutrients in the soil It refers to the arable land on which no tillage is applied between harvests and sowing or a minimum tillage practice in which the crop is sown directly into soil not tilled since the harvest of the previous crop
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