EFFECT OF SOWING DATE ON CHOCOLATE SPOT AND RUST FOLIAR DISEASES REACTION, YIELD COMPONENTS AND SEED QUALITY IN FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA)

Abstract

In order to study the effect of early sowing date on plant characteristics, chocolate spot and rust foliar diseases reaction, and yield characters of twelve faba bean genotypes, an experiment was conducted at the farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 growing seasons. The early sowing date (1st October) caused high infection of foliar diseases infection (chocolate spot and rust), reduced flowering date, No. branches, No. pods, No. seeds plant-1, 100 seed weight and seed yield compared with optimum sowing date (1st November). Electrical conductivity, crude protein % and total carbohydrate % were significantly increased under early sowing date compared to optimum one. Line 6 and Line 7 had the highest seed yield and stable performance across different sowing dates and showed high values for No. seeds per plant, and/or 100 seed weight. The cluster analysis classified the tested genotypes to two main different groups, the first group contained Line 3 and Line 4, which differed in origin and performance and had the heaviest 100-seed weight, but had low No. seeds plant-1. The rest genotypes were found in the second main branch. Line 6 had the highest seed yield under early sowing date and recorded low percentage of decline in yield as a result of early sowing, so it is suitable to sown in the case of early sowing date.