Effect of some plant extracts in structure

Abstract

The effect of aqueous plant extracts of (Capparis spinosa L., leaves; Olea europea L., leaves; Dianthus chinensis, flowers; Mentha longifolia L., leaves and Melia azedarach, leaves and fruits) on the histology of the midgut of larvae and adult of Rusty flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). & Khapra beetle Trogoderma granarium (Everts was studied. Results showed that the longitudinal muscles bundles began to disintegrate and sometimes disappear. The circular muscle layer became thinner, irregular, deattched from epithelial layer and even it underwent disruption. Also, cells of epithelial layer have undergone a great and clear disintegrator in many places. These effects have been noticed in the midgut of adult stage of khapra beetle. Histological preparations showedthe absence of peri trophic membrane in both beetles studied. The extracts have seriously affected the histological nature structure of the ovaries in khapra beetle reared from larvae previously treated with the extracts. The follicle cells became loose, separate from each other and then began to disintegrate, thus, becoming indistinguishable .Also vacuoles appeared at the peripherye of the oocyte which increases in number and size due to the isappearance of the yolk granules. Morphological abnormality appeared in ovarian follicles. They lose theirregular circular or oval form and become irregular, amoeboid, distorted or disintegrated. These effects have led to the decrease of the number of ovarioles. The effect was severe on the fat bodies. Their quantities became greatly decreased, and restricted in certain areas, and finally, almost disappeared around the ovaries.