Effect of solanine on radiosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effect of solanine on radiosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells. Methods Osteosarcoma cells were treated with solanine, at the same time, radiation treatment was given, cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay, cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry, the protein levels of Ki-67, PCNA, Bax and Cleaved Caspase-3 were detected by Western blot and mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by JC-1 method, the ROS level in cells was detected by DCFH-DA method. Radiosensitivity was measured by plate cloning. Results Compared with cells that were not treated with solanine and radiation, the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells and the Ki-67 and PCNA protein levels were decreased after solanine or radiotherapy (F=55.165, 50.667, 23.389, P<0.05), the apoptotic rate and the level of Bax and Cleaved Caspase-3 protein increased (F=54.588, 42.924, 51.541, P<0.05), the mitochondrial membrane potential decreased (F=40.762, P<0.05), and the ROS level in the cells increased(F=79.055, P<0.05). Compared with cells treated with solanine or radiotherapy, the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells and the levels of Ki-67 and PCNA proteins were decreased after solanine combined with radiation treatment (F=55.165, 50.667, 23.389, P<0.05), the apoptotic rate and the levels of Bax and Cleaved Caspase-3 were increased (F=54.588, 42.924, 51.541, P<0.05), the mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased (F=40.762, P<0.05), and the ROS level was increased (F=79.055, P<0.05). The radiosensitization ratio of solanine to osteosarcoma cells was 1.786. Conclusions Solanine inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells, and improves radiosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells. Key words: Osteosarcoma; Radiosensitivity; Solanine; Apoptosis