Abstract
The discrete element method (DEM) has been widely used as a modelling tool to investigate soil-tool interactions. Soil particle size has an important effect on soil disturbance behaviours and cutting forces in discrete element models. In this study, discrete element models were developed using the EDEM software and evaluated using laboratory tests to investigate the effect of varying modelled particle radii (ranging from 3 to 19 mm) on soil-subsoiler interactions in the models. Soil disturbance characteristics (soil rupture distance ratio, height of accumulated soil, soil disturbance area, soil density change rate, and fragmentation index), solution time of the computer, and soil cutting forces (draft and vertical) were measured. Based on the ANOVA outputs, all these variables were significantly affected by the treatments at p
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