Effect of Smoking on Advanced Stage Cervical Cancer Patient Survival

Abstract

Objective: The researchers aim to investigate the relationship between
 smoking habit and other factors as prognostic factors of cervical
 cancer.
 Method: We performed a retrospective and prospective cohort study
 with subjects that are stage IIB-IVB cervical cancer patients in Dr.
 Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital followed up from August 2009 to
 April 2014. The subjects’medical records were reviewed, and patients
 were interviewed about their current condition by telephone. Questions
 asked include smoking habit, spouse’s smoking habit, and mortality
 status. Patients that could not be contacted by phone were excluded
 from the study. Statistical analysis was done using Stata 10.
 Result: Out of 390 cervical cancer patients stage IIB-IVB in 2009,
 there were 270 patients (69.2%) that were included in the inclusion
 criteria. Most of the patients are 40-59 years old (82.2%) and are nonsmokers
 (91.8%). The most frequent clinicopathological characteristic
 is IIIB (63.3%) and squamous cell carcinoma (71.9%). The 5-
 year survival rate is 22.6%. There is no statistical significance between
 advanced stage cervical cancer survival with the patients’ or patients’
 husbands’ smoking habit.
 Conclusion: In our study, smoking habits do not aggravate survival
 rate of advanced stage cervical cancer patients but further research
 must be done with more sample. Stage, and tumor size both by physical
 examination and ultrasound can be used as the prognostic factor.
 [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 3: 170-176]
 Keywords: Brigmann Index, cervical cancer, smoking, survival