Effect of Smallanthus sonchifolius (Ss) leaf extract on glucose metabolism in mice fed a high fructose diet (HF)

Abstract

A high fructose diet (HF) might play a role in the onset of metabolic disorders and excess weight gain. Usually, the consumption of this diet can induce insulin resistance and increase intrahepatocellular lipids. Smallanthus sonchifolius (Ss) leaf have been studied for their hypoglycemic activity in diabetes type I models. It seems that effect could be related with the high content of phenolic compounds and their in vitro antioxidant activity. For most of the studies using Ss, the leaf extract was obtained using classic techniques of extraction such as maceration followed by organic extraction and evaporation. During this manipulation process, several active substances can be lost. In this study, our Ss extract was obtained using a spray drying encapsulation technique with the intuit to prevent as much as possible the bioactive loss. The aim of this work was evaluate the Ss extract capacity to prevent disorders in glucose metabolism (in a diabetes type II model). Male mice (n=6/group) were fed with a control (C) or high fructose (HF‐ 30%) diets for 8 weeks (C,HF). They also received regular water or a Ss enriched water for the same period (CS, HFS). Food (g) and water or tea intake (ml) were measured daily. Body weight (g) was evaluated weekly. After 8 weeks, non fasting blood glucose levels (GLU) (mg/dl) were measured using a commercial kit. Glucose tolerance test (GTT) was also performed. A basal blood sample was obtained after a 6 hours fasting. A bolus of glucose (2g/kg) was then ip administered. Blood samples were acquired at 30, 60, and 120 min following the glucose bolus for measurement of blood glucose using a glucometer. Results were expressed as mean ± SEM. Data were analyzed using T‐test. P<0.05 was considered significant for all data.No difference was observed in body weight, food and water or Ss water intake in any group. There was an increase of ~30% in HF(403.2) vs C (311.0) and a decrease ~13% in HFS (348.9) vs HF (403.2) at GLU. No difference in GTT was observed between HF and HFS at 0, 30 and 60 minutes. However, a decrease ~9 % HFS (285) vs HF (311) was observed at 120 minutes.In conclusion, we observed that Smallanthus sonchifolius was able to prevent glucose metabolism alterations also in a model of diabetes type II. We believe that more pronounced results could be achieved if we increase the dose and also the period of Ss enriched water administration.Support or Funding InformationCNPq, Labtest