Abstract
We present a magnetic force microscopy study of surface magneticmicrostructure changes at high temperatures in 2:17-typeSm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)z (z~7.4) magnets. Surface magneticmicrostructures are found to change greatly in parallel and verticalspecimens after heat-treatment at 400°C for one hour in vacuum of10−5 Torr with Ar gas as protecting atmosphere. Changes ofmicrostructures are attributed to the formation of a soft-magneticsurfaces layer in the specimens, resulting from Sm volatilization dueto high temperature. This hypothesis is further confirmed by theheat-treatment experiments at 400°C for 0.5 h and 2 h. Finally, theexistence of the soft-magnetic layers, which consist primarily ofFe–Co compounds, is verified by the results of both XRD and XPS of thevertical specimens before and after heat-treatment.
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