Effect of Sm substitution for Gd on the electrical conductivity of fluorite-type Gd 2Zr 2O 7

Abstract

Gd 2− x Sm x Zr 2O 7 ( x = 0, 0.2, 0.6, 1.0, 1.4, 1.8, 2.0) ceramic powders synthesized with the chemical-coprecipitation and calcination method were pressureless-sintered at 1873 K for 10 h in air. The electrical conductivity of Gd 2− x Sm x Zr 2O 7 ceramics was investigated by complex impedance spectroscopy over a frequency range of 0.01 Hz to 15 MHz. Gd 2− x Sm x Zr 2O 7 is an oxide-ion conductor in the oxygen partial pressure range from 1.0 × 10 −15 to 1.0 atm and in the temperature range of 623–873 K. The measured electrical conductivity obeys the Arrhenius relation. The activation energy and pre-exponential factor for grain-interior conductivity gradually decrease with increasing Sm content. The grain-interior conductivity varies with the Sm substitution for Gd, and reaches the maximum at the equal molar of Sm 3+ and Gd 3+ in Gd 2− x Sm x Zr 2O 7 ceramics. A significant increase in the grain-interior conductivity is obtained by isovalent rare-earth element like Sm substitution for Gd in the temperature range of 623–873 K.