Abstract
AbstractMany kinds of disposable samplers are available for sampling of liquid steel during steelmaking. Depending on slag protection, they can be divided into two main groups: metal‐cap‐protected and argon‐protected samplers. For high quality steels, a correct determination of inclusion characteristics in metal samples is important for an improved process control. This paper seeks to investigate the effect of slag protection system, and sample geometry, on deviation and total content of oxygen within samples from the ladle treatment of liquid duplex stainless steel. The homogeneity with respect to total oxygen content was determined for different zones in the body, pin and inlet part of Björneborg and Lollipop (6 and 12 mm thickness) samples. The results showed low, and stable, contents of oxygen in the argon‐protected samples. However, the total oxygen content, and deviation of oxygen, in metal‐cap‐protected samples was much higher, especially in the body part of the samples. Finally, it was found that the oxygen content heterogeneity in the metal‐cap‐protected samples increased with a decreased sample weight. Based on the obtained results, the 6 mm thick Lollipop sample with argon‐protection is recommended for determination of total oxygen content and oxide inclusion characteristics.
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