Abstract
This work is mainly focused on study of thermal and thermomechanical properties of obtained bio-based polyurethane (coded as bio-PU) composites via using different types of bio-components (bio-glycol, modified soybean oil and sisal fiber) in the procedure. The chemical structure, morphology and mechanical properties were also investigated and described in this manuscript in order to know more perfect characterization of produced composites. The bio-based polyurethane matrix of composites was synthesized via prepolymer method. Bio-PU composites were produced by dispersing 5 and 15 mass% of sisal fibers into the polyurethane matrix during their synthesis. To investigate the thermal stability of sisal fibers and bio-PU composites, the thermogravimetric method (TG) was used. Thermomechanical tests were performed by means of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Based on the results of thermomechanical analysis, it was found that the sisal fibers amount has the impact on storage and loss modulus. Chemical structure was confirmed by FTIR spectra. Mechanical results and scanning microscopy images of the composites showed good interfacial adhesion between sisal fibers and the bio-based PU matrix.
Highlights
Bio-based composites are constantly under the unremitting research attention
Thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermogravimetric (DTG) curves for sisal fibers and bio-polyurethane composites were plotted as the results of the thermogravimetric method (TG) analysis
Thermomechanical and mechanical results, it was found that the sisal fibers can be added to the bio-based polyurethane matrix in the maximum quantity of 15 mass% and obtained materials characterize of good properties
Summary
Bio-based composites are constantly under the unremitting research attention. These materials are almost used in every sector of industry. The vegetable oil-based polyurethanes belong to these material groups, too. Vegetable oils (e.g., soybean or rapeseed oil) have become an attractive resource that can be converted to bio-based polyols to produce PU [1]. The properties of the bio-based composites including vegetable oil-based polyurethanes despite the bio-based matrix are influenced by a number of variables as form and size of fillers or processing conditions and methods. Natural fiber fillers, which consist of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, are commonly used to produce bio-based composites. The low resistance to moisture absorption made the use of natural fiber-reinforced composites less attractive.
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