Abstract
Abstract In this paper, lead-free (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )NbO 3 ceramics doped with 5 mol% LiTaO 3 and 2 mol% CuO were prepared using the conventional mixed-oxide method. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy measurements. The effect of sintering temperature on the bulk density, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties was investigated. The results show that an increase of CuO very effectively lowers the sintering temperature and improves the electric properties of (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )NbO 3 –LiTaO 3 ceramics. High piezoelectric properties of k p = 37.8%, k t = 50.7%, and k 33 = 58.9% and ferroelectric properties E c = 34.6 kV/cm and P r = 22.6 were obtained for the specimen containing 2 mol% CuO sintered at a suitable temperature. Cu 2+ ions acted as a hardener, which increased the E c , P r , and Q m values of (Na 0.5 K 0.5 )NbO 3 –LiTaO 3 ceramics.
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