Abstract
ABSTRACT Effects of multi-strain (Lactofeed) and mono-strain (Pediguard) probiotics on broiler breeder performance and expression of toll-like receptors (TLR) were evaluated. Three hundred broiler breeder hens (Ross 308) at the age of 51 weeks were randomly allocated into 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 6 replicates in each in a completely randomized design. The dietary treatments included (1) the basal diet (control), (2) control + 0.1 g/kg Lactofeed, (3) control + 0.1 g/kg Pediguard, (4) control + 0.1 g/kg Lactofeed + 0.1 g/kg Pediguard and (5) control + 0.5 g/kg oxytetracycline antibiotic. Compared to the control group, treatments had no effect on hen-day egg production and body weight of broiler breeders (P > .05). The egg yolk cholesterol concentration of broiler breeders fed probiotic-supplemented diet was decreased (P < .05). There were no differences in the immune response to PHA-P injection, serum glutathione peroxidase activity, malondialdehyde and cholesterol concentration and blood haematology of broiler breeder among different dietary treatments (P > .05) while TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA expression up-regulated (P < .05). It can be concluded Lactofeed and Pediguard did not improve broiler breeder performance and T-cell-mediated immune response and are not advisable for breeder nutrition.
Highlights
Because of public forbiddance of the application of sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotics, development and application of non-antibiotic alternatives like probiotics as performance enhancers are increased there is little information about their effects especially on meat type broiler breeders
AControl = basal diet, Lacto = control supplemented with 0.1 g/kg Lactofeed probiotic, Pedi = control supplemented with 0.1 g/kg Pediguard probiotic, Lacto + Pedi = control supplemented with 0.1 g/kg Lactofeed probiotic + 0.1 g/kg Pediguard probiotic and Oxy = control supplemented with 0.5 g/kg oxytetracycline antibiotic. bHD = hen-day egg production (%), HH = hen-house egg production and FCR =
AControl = basal diet, Lacto = control supplemented with 0.1 g/kg Lactofeed probiotic, Pedi = control supplemented with 0.1 g/kg Pediguard probiotic, Lacto + Pedi = control supplemented with 0.1 g/kg Lactofeed probiotic + 0.1 g/kg Pediguard probiotic and Oxy = control supplemented with 0.5 g/kg oxytetracycline antibiotic †The values are means of the six pens
Summary
Because of public forbiddance of the application of sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotics, development and application of non-antibiotic alternatives like probiotics as performance enhancers are increased there is little information about their effects especially on meat type broiler breeders. Probiotics manner of action remains to be clarified, they are thought to function by maintaining the presence of beneficial microorganisms, and competitive exclusion of pathogenic bacteria adherence in the intestine of broilers (Callaway et al 2008). In this regards, incorporation of Lactobacillus fermentum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae improved the intestinal microflora balance in the rectum of broiler chickens and enhanced intestinal immunity in chickens (Lei et al 2009). Probiotics might augment toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling, regulate local mucosal cell-mediated immune responses, enhance dendritic cell-induced T-cell hypo-responsiveness and promote epithelial barrier integrity in avian species (Gao et al 2008). TLRs recognize specific microbial components and induce the production of T-helper (Th1) cytokines through a process dependent on the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) pathway (Murch 2001)
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