Abstract
Objective To observe the effect of microgravity and ionizing radiation on bone and dental implant. Methods 28 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, microgravity group, radiation group and microgravity + radiation group. Each rat had a dental implant putting in the right tibia. The knees of rats in the radiation groups were exposed to ionizing radiation. Microgravity groups were mechanically unloaded. Blood osteocalcin (OCN), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium (Ca) and phosphatase (P) were detected. The tibia and thigh bone specimens were observed by histological methods and scanned by micro CT. 3D reconstruction was made and data of bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume/total volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness and trabecular number were analysed stastically. Results OCN, ALP and Ca were significantly changed in microgravity group and microgravity + radiation group (P<0.05). The bone density was decreased in the microgravity groups. BMD, BV/TV, trabecular thickness and trabecular number were all lower than those in the non-microgravity groups (P<0.05, P<0.01), and radiation made BMD decreased more significantly (P<0.05). Tissue congestion and peri-implant bone resorption were observed in the radiation groups. Conclusions Microgravity and ionizing radiation can change bone in both quantity and quality. The interaction of the two factors will make the change greater. The secondary radiation from metal implant is an important factor affecting the dental implant stability in bone. Key words: Simulated microgravity; Radiation; Implant; Bone
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