Effect of Short Term Management of Soil Organic Carbon Build up and Organic Residues Types on Some Soil Properties and Barleys Yield Under Saline Stress

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out for three season 2017, 2018 and 2019 to investigate the role of some types of organic field residues (crop, tree and shrubs and orchard residues) in soil organic carbon built up and improving the soil fertility within conditions of salt stresses. Treatments were added based on their organic carbon content, to reach 1.0%, supplementing the organic carbon already present in the soil. The results showed that the percentage of loss in organic carbon differs according to the added organic residues. The percentage of the organic carbon remaining in the soil for season 2017 after harvest was 0.542%, 0.794%, 0.728% and 0.642% for control, crop residues, tree residues and shrubs and residues of orchards, respectively. In order to maintain the organic carbon ratio up to 1.0%, it was necessary to add organic residues in the following season 2018 in quantities of 0.742, 1.074 and 1.537 kg/m2, down from the initial addition in 2017 by 55.79%, 41.63% and 23.18%. In the 2019 season, the addition amounted to 0.537, 0.691 and 1.108 kg/m2, down from the initial addition in 2017 by 68.03%, 62.44% and 44.64% for the treatments, crop, tree and shrubs and orchard residues, respectively. The addition of orchard residue treatment showed a significant difference in the yield of straw and grains in all years of implementation of the experiment, at a rate of 18.67%, 7.38% and 11.22% in 2017, with a rate of 13.68%, 1.74% and 8.67% in 2018, at a rate of 17.11%, 3.44% And 6.59% in 2019 for control, tree and shrubs residues and crop residues, respectively. The addition of organic wastes improved the soil fertility for three years of study, as the salinity decreased by 16.65% and the total nitrogen, organic carbon, available nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorus increased by 22.91%, 42.36%, 33.01%, 30.86% and 32.95%, respectively.