Effect of Shade at Agrisilviculture System on Characteristics of Stomatal Abaxial Leaf Surfaces in Toraja Highland,Indonesia

Abstract

Agrisilviculture was a mixture of forestry and agricultural crops in various canopy strata. This study aims to analyze the effect of shade on the agrisilviculture system on the stomatal characteristics at abaxial leaf surfaces in Toraja Highland Indonesia. The method used is to apply acetone on the abaxial leaf surfaces longitudinally to obtain stomatal characteristic data and environmental factor measurements. Data analysis descriptive. The results showed that stomatal density at abaxial leaf tissue was influenced by environmental factors (light intensity, air temperature, humidity, soil pH, and soil moisture), site index and plant species. Tree shade affects on the light intensity received by the leaf canopy on the lower layers. Types of stomatal at abaxial leaf surfaces on Elmerrillia ovalis and Coffea canephora are anisocytic and cyclocytic type on the leaf of Colocasia esculenta. The highest stomatal density above 500 stomatal/mm2 was found on the leaf of Elmerrillia ovalis and Coffea canephora and the lowest on the leaf of Colocasia esculenta 110 stomatal/mm2. The stomatal closing cells in leaf all three plant species were kidney-shaped.