Abstract
In this study, a kind of inorganic composite flame retardant (Sep@Fe2O3) was prepared by combining solution deposition and calcination methods using sepiolite microfiber material as carrier. This inorganic compound flame retardant was combined with waterborne polyurethane (WPU) through layer-by-layer method to prepare WPU composites. The SEM and EDS, TEM, and XRD were used to characterize the microscopic morphology and crystal structure of WPU composites. Thermogravimetric analysis tests confirmed the good thermal stability of WPU/Sep@Fe2O3 composites; at the temperature of 600°C, the carbon residual percentage of WPU/Sep, WPU/Fe2O3, and WPU/Sep@Fe2O3 composites is 7.3%, 12.2%, and 13.4%, respectively, higher than that of WPU (1.4%). Vertical combustion tests proved better flame-retardant property of WPU/Sep@Fe2O3 composite-coated cotton than noncoated cotton. The microcalorimeter test proved that the PHRR of WPU/Sep@Fe2O3 composites decreased by 61% compared with that of WPU. In addition, after combining with Sep@Fe2O3, the breaking strength of WPU increased by 35%.
Highlights
As an eco-environmentally polymer material that could replace traditional solvent-based polyurethane, waterborne polyurethane (WPU) has been used more and more widely in producing apparel, clothing, home furnishings, and industrial products in recent years [1, 2]
The microcalorimeter test proved that the PHRR of WPU/Sep@Fe2O3 composites decreased by 61% compared with that of WPU
When 6.7 wt.% Sep was replaced by 6.7 wt.% Fe2O3 or 6.7 wt.% Sep@Fe2O3, peak of heat release rate and total heat release (THR) decreased, and the temperature of heat release rate (TPHRR) has little change
Summary
As an eco-environmentally polymer material that could replace traditional solvent-based polyurethane, waterborne polyurethane (WPU) has been used more and more widely in producing apparel, clothing, home furnishings, and industrial products in recent years [1, 2]. The researchers proposed that sepiolite- (Sep-) loaded metal oxides could be used for preparing flame-retardant polymer. Guillon prepared a series of catalyst which comprised at least one IZM-2 zeolite, one matrix, and one metal selected from metals of groups VIII, VIB, and VIIB Those catalysts promote rapid thermal decomposition of polymers to generate carbonization [25]. Yuming Chen and Limin Zhou studied energetics and mechanisms of graphene growth catalyzed by nickel nanoclusters by using ab initio density functional theory calculations [27] These previous works made believed that loading transition metal oxides into Sep could enhance the carbonforming effect of Sep. what will happen if transition metal oxide is combined with Sep to form a flameresistant system for WPU? What will happen if transition metal oxide is combined with Sep to form a flameresistant system for WPU? In this study, inorganic composites (Sep@Fe2O3) were prepared by combining precipitation and calcination methods to load Fe2O3 into Sep crystals; organic/inorganic composites were prepared by combining these inorganic composites with WPU by layer-by-layer (LBL) method to study the thermal stability and combustion properties of these composites and explore the mechanism of the effect of Sep@Fe2O3 on the combustion property of WPU
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