Effect of Selected Stilbenoids on Human Fecal Microbiota.

Jose Jaimes,Petr Marsik,Veronika Jarosova,Ondrej Vesely,Chahrazed Mekadim,Karel Smejkal,Jiri Killer,Pavel Kloucek,Jakub Mrazek,Jaroslav Havlik

doi:10.3390/molecules24040744

Abstract

Dietary phenolics or polyphenols are mostly metabolized by the human gut microbiota. These metabolites appear to confer the beneficial health effects attributed to phenolics. Microbial composition affects the type of metabolites produced. Reciprocally, phenolics modulate microbial composition. Understanding this relationship could be used to positively impact health by phenolic supplementation and thus create favorable colonic conditions. This study explored the effect of six stilbenoids (batatasin III, oxyresveratrol, piceatannol, pinostilbene, resveratrol, thunalbene) on the gut microbiota composition. Stilbenoids were anaerobically fermented with fecal bacteria from four donors, samples were collected at 0 and 24 h, and effects on the microbiota were assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Statistical tests identified affected microbes at three taxonomic levels. Observed microbial composition modulation by stilbenoids included a decrease in the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, a decrease in the relative abundance of strains from the genus Clostridium, and effects on the family Lachnospiraceae. A frequently observed effect was a further decrease of the relative abundance when compared to the control. An opposite effect to the control was observed for Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, whose relative abundance increased. Observed effects were more frequently attributed to resveratrol and piceatannol, followed by thunalbene and batatasin III.

Highlights

Stilbenoids are a subclass of plant-derived phenolic compounds often consumed in the diet as components from red grapes, peanuts, certain berries, and many others
Using an in vitro fecal fermentation (FFM) system, a set of six stilbenoid phenolics were fermented in vials via inoculation with human fecal bacteria obtained from four donors
The vials were sampled at 0 hour (0 h) and 24 h (24 h) time points, and the effect of the stilbenoids on human gut microbiota (GM) was assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing

Summary

Introduction

Stilbenoids are a subclass of plant-derived phenolic compounds often consumed in the diet as components from red grapes, peanuts, certain berries, and many others. Molecules 2019, 24, 744 antioxidant activity, cardio-protection, neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory effects, cancer prevention, and others [4]. In plants, are usually conjugated to sugars, organic acids, and macromolecules (e.g., dietary fiber and proteins) and most of them are not properly released and absorbed in the small such as potent antioxidant activity, cardio-protection, neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory effects, intestine, reaching the and colon for further microbial fermentation; at colonic level, they are fermented cancer prevention, others [4].

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Results

Conclusion