Abstract
β-Cyfluthrin is one of the most widely used type II pyrethroid in agriculture. The aim of this study was to examine (1) the possibility of β-cyfluthrin to induce oxidative stress in human erythrocytes in vitro and its effect on catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities as well as (2) the role of melatonin (MEL; 2 mM), its precursor – N-acetylserotonin (NAS; 1 mM), quercetin (Q; 80 μM) and rutin (R; 80 μM) in alleviating the cytotoxic effects of β-cyfluthrin. Erythrocytes were divided into portions. The first portion was incubated for 4 h at 37 °C with different concentrations (0, 43, 215, 1075 ppm) of β-cyfluthrin. The other portions were preincubated with selected antioxidant, respectively for 30 min and followed by β-cyfluthrin incubation for 4 h. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, CAT and SOD activities, as well as haemolysis percentage (H) were measured in all treatment portions of erythrocytes. It could be concluded that the in vitro toxicity of β-cyfluthrin may be associated with oxidative stress. Significant reduction in the activities of CAT was observed at all β-cyfluthrin concentrations, while SOD activities were significantly decreased only in erythrocytes incubated with the highest β-cyfluthrin concentration. SOD activity of the non-pretreated erythrocytes exposed to the lowest dose of β-cyfluthrin was significantly greater when compared to comparably β-cyfluthrin-exposed antioxidant pretreated cells. The highest concentration of β-cyfluthrin has caused over 35% haemolysis, and the lowest concentration about 15%. MEL pretreatment had no effect on H and MDA induction by β-cyfluthrin. NAS, Q and R reduced H and MDA level, but could not prevent induction of these parameters. Compared to other antioxidants NAS appeared to maintain better the CAT activity at control levels for all doses of β-cyfluthrin. Pretreatment with Q was found to protect against the decrease in SOD activity induced by β-cyfluthrin.
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