Abstract
Ulmus wallichiana is an important multipurpose tree species of the Himalayan region suitable for furniture, leaves are consumed as fodder while as small wood is used as fuel wood. Elm seeds are minute and are generally broadcasted in the nursery beds, thereafter they need to be thinned out or transplanted so that they achieve transplantable height. The study aimed at studying the effect of seedling density and bed type on the growth of Ulmus wallichiana seedlings over a period of two years & was undertaken under All India Coordinated Research Project on Agroforestry at Srinagar centre, India. The seedlings were evaluated in nursery beds, transplant beds and thinned out nursery beds. The study concluded that undisturbed seedling beds with a density of 400 seedlings/m 2 recorded maximum height of 1.51m but seedling collar diameter was minimum. Maximum diameter of 9.56mm was recorded in undisturbed thinned out nursery beds having a density of only 100 seedlings/m 2 but height recorded was only 1.39m. Transplant beds recorded a height of 1.19m and a diameter of 7.19mm. In the present study it is evident that the seedlings need not to be necessarily transplanted from seedling beds but in the second year if proper density (100 m 3 ) is maintained by thinning, maximum seedling growth in terms of both height and diameter can be achieved.
Highlights
Elm belongs to the family Ulmaceae and is distributed in the Himalayas from Kashmir to Uttranchal, India and Nepal within an altitude of 900-3,000m [1].The species is scattered in Central Nuristan (Afghanistan)
After germination and completion of one year growth in the nursery beds an average height of 0.69m and collar diameter of 3.98mm was attained
Nursery technology for raising seedlings in seedling beds, transplant beds and thinned out beds play an important role as has been clearly demonstrated by the present investigation
Summary
Elm belongs to the family Ulmaceae and is distributed in the Himalayas from Kashmir to Uttranchal, India and Nepal within an altitude of 900-3,000m [1].The species is scattered in Central Nuristan (Afghanistan). In India the species is distributed over the states of Jammu and Kashmir, Uttranchal, and Himachal Pradesh. In the state of Jammu and Kashmir distribution of Elm has been reported in all the districts of Kashmir though their concentration varies from district to district [2]. Leaves of elm are suitable for fodder, bark yields a strong fibre, useful for cordage and for rope making and sandals. The young shoots are much esteemed as fodder for buffaloes. It is suitable for furniture, light construction and planking [3, 4]. Seeds of elm are very minute and weigh about 10.14 g per 1,000 seeds [6]
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