Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is first staple crop of Nepal. The national average yield of rice is less than its potential yield, for which poor agronomic management has been reported as the critical factor. Among various agro-management practices seedling age, seeding density and nitrogen rates significantly affect the growth and yield of rice. The lower seeding density produces the taller plant, more effective tiller, lower sterility and higher grain yield. On the other hand, seedling of older age from higher seeding density gives the lowest yield. Transplanting younger seedling with low seeding density and application of recommended dose of nitrogen gives a higher yield. This article summarizes various effects of seedling age, seeding density and nitrogen rates on plant height, number of effective tillers, number of filled grains, thousand grain weight and grain yield of rice. This information may be useful for maize growers and researchers.
Highlights
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is considered as the most important staple food crop in Nepal, followed by maize (Zea mays L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) respectively
Dependency of rainwater, low input use and poor crop management practices are the major causes of low rice yield in Nepal (AICC, 2018)
If young seedlings of 12 days old are transplanted higher number of effective tillers are produced independent to amount of nitrogenous fertilizer applied and seeding density maintained in nursery (Mishra and Salokhe, 2008)
Summary
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is considered as the most important staple food crop in Nepal, followed by maize (Zea mays L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) respectively. There is huge gap between rice productivity at researcher level and farmer’s field. It is so because farmers are still unable to do proper nursery as well stand crop management. Maximum rice productivity (4.9 t ha-1) have been observed after the application of di-ammonium phosphate and single super phosphate @ 50 kg P2O5 ha-1 in nursery. It valued 21% more yield compared to control method (Rajagopalan and Krishnarajan, 1987). Researches has directed towards the yield performance of rice when transplanted under age of 20 days old findings are still contradictory (NARC, 2004). The objectives of this study were to quantify the distinctive effects of nursery management and seedling age on yield and yield components of fine rice
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