Effect of Seasonal Variation on Chemical Compositions of Essential Oils of Root, Shoot and Inflorescence of Selinum wallichianum

Abstract

The essential oil of Selinum wallichianum was obtained by subjecting the fresh plant material (root part, shoot (aerial part) and inflorescence) to hydrodistillation and estimated the chemical composition through GC/MS. There was high variability in the essential oil yield of different parts of the plant during three different growth phases, In aerial-part, the essential oil yield was found to be maximum during the senescence phase (0.27 %), followed by the flowering growth phase (0.21 %) and vegetative growth phase (0.11 %). In the root part, the essential oil yield was 0.14 % in the senescence phase and 0.13 % during the vegetative phase. The essential oil yield percentage for the root part was 0.14 % (w/w) in senescence and 0.13 % (w/w) during the vegetative phase of the plant. The essential oil yield percentage for the plant was approximately double for the shoot part in the senescence stage and it was slightly better for the root part in the vegetative stage. During the vegetative stage, identification of the essential oil composition of S. wallichianum was achieved to 94.08 % and 89.71 % for shoot (aerial) part and root part respectively. The essential oil composition of harvested inflorescences was analyzed up to 71.17 %. The essential oil extracted from shoots and roots during the senescence phase were identified up to 95.81 % and 95.94 % respectively. The results reveal that during the senescence period the percent essential oil yield is best. In vegetative state 3, 5 nonadiyne credited 70.72 % from the root part, and 48.36 % from shoot part. 3,5 nonadiyne amounted 85.03 % from the root part and 80.85 % from the shoot part in senescence stage of S. wallichianum.