Effect of Scrophularia striata hydroalcoholic extract on differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes and osteocytes

Abstract

IntroductionOsteoarthritis is a major type of joint disease. Cell therapy is the main hopeful therapeutic method to treat this disorder. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Scrophularia striata hydroalcoholic extract on the differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells to chondrogenic and osteogenic cells a perspective for treatment of Osteoarthritis. MethodsThe hydroalcoholic extract of S. striata were prepared. The S. striata extract was standardised according to gallic acid and querctin by HPLC. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) were cultured in DMEM/F12 complemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. After the identification of cells, cell viability was measured by MTT assays, 24 and 48 hours after treatment with different concentrations of plant extract. The expression pattern of special chondrogenic and osteogenic genes and stem cell markers was evaluated through real time-PCR. ResultsOur findings showed that the S. striata plant extract has the capability of reducing the viability of hADSCs cells at concentration of 800 and 1000 ug/ml after 24 and 48 hours. The dosage of S. striata that significantly induced hADSCs cell differentiation is IC25, and the IC50 for hADSCs was 865.0 and 642.9 µg/ml after 24 and 48 hours, respectively. The hydroalcoholic extract of the S. striata was standardised according to Gallic acid (0.33 mg gallic acid/g Extract) and Quercetin (2.81 mg quercetin/g Extract) compounds. ConclusionThe results showed that in addition to exerting anti-inflammatory effects, S. striata can induce the orientation of hADSCs cells into osteogenic and chondrogenic cells.