Effect of Saussurea costus extracts in the viability of Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces of sheep origin In vitro

Asmaa Al-Obaidy,Fouad Esmaeel

doi:10.33899/edusj.2021.168656

Abstract

Cystic echinococcosis is one of the most prevalence and dangerous zoonotic parasitic disease in the world. Iraq is one of the most countries that affected by this disease. Surgery is usually the most effective therapy and can be used with injection of drugs in hydatid cysts before surgery to kill protoscoleces to avoid anaphylactic shock as a result of spilling of hydatid cyst fluid into peritoneal cavity, as well as this reduce the chance of secondary hydatid cysts production. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Saussurea costus extracts on protoscoleces viability of Echinococcus granulosus, where the protoscoleces of E. granulosus exposed to four different concentrations of Saussurea costus extracts at four different exposure times including; 15, 30, 45 and 60 min in vitro, The results of ethanolic extract showed highest efficacy at concentration 20,30mg/ml in 45,60min and 40mg/ml at all times. The highest scolicidal effect of petroleum ether extract was reported at 10 and 15mg/ml during 60min, while 20mg/ml reported similar effect at 45 and 60min. The data of cool aqueous extract showed reduction of protoscoleces viability to 0% at 200 and 250mg/ml in 45 and 60min, respectively, while 300mg/ml showed same reduction of viability at all experiment time periods.The data of hot aqueous extract showed 100% kill rate by using 350mg/ml at 60min and 400mg/ml at 45 and 60, as well as 450mg/ml at all experiment period times. Comparing to the control group. Generally, Saussurea costus extracts have concentration and exposure time-dependent effect on protoscoleces viability.

Highlights

Echinococcosis or Hydatidosis is a zoonotic disease, caused by the metacestode or larval stage of a dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus [1,2]
This study aims to determinate the effect of S .costus extracts on viability of E. granulosus protoscoleces In vitro
Materials and methods Samples collection and protoscoleces isolation: The infected livers of sheep were collected from butcher shops in Mosul city and protoscoleces of E. granulosus were isolated according to Smyth [21] by sterilizing the surface of hydatid cyst with 70% ethanol following by aspiration of hydatid cyst fluid using G21 needle

Summary

Introduction

Echinococcosis or Hydatidosis is a zoonotic disease, caused by the metacestode or larval stage of a dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus [1,2]. Life cycle of E. granulosus in definitive host, represented by the canids which harbors the adult worms in their intestines, and intermediate host includes livestock, as well as human which act as an accidental host. The intermediated host can be infected by orally ingestion of parasite eggs which develop into fluid-filled cysts in their liver, lungs, and other organs [4]. The disease causes expanded mortality and morbidity in human and livestock [5]. Echinococcosis disease is asymptomatic for several years, and the clinical symptoms can appear due to increase of cyst size which cause pressure on nearby tissues [6]

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