Effect of salt loading on blood pressure and eicosanoid metabolism of spontaneously hypertensive rats fed a fish oil enriched diet.

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of dietary modification of prostaglandin (PG) synthesis on blood pressure regulation in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats under conditions of normal and elevated salt intake. After an initial period of 4 weeks on either a 2-series PG 'inhibitory' diet of fish oil (maxEPA) or a control diet of saturated fat, half of each group received 1.5% saline for 1 week. Blood pressures were unaffected by diet during the period of normal salt intake, but following salt loading, the maxEPA-fed SHR showed a blood pressure increase (mean = 21 mmHg) relative to the EPA-fed rats on water. Rats on maxEPA showed impaired ability to generate serum thromboxane and diminished excretion of urinary 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and PGE2. SHR on water showed greater serum TXB2 generating capacity than WKY, but diminished urinary PGE2 excretion. Thus, the increased blood pressure observed in the salt-loaded SHR on the maxEPA diet may be explained by reduced renal PG synthesis resulting in either mild sodium retention and/or increased vascular reactivity.