EFFECT OF SALINE STRESS ON GROWTH OF FRUIT PLANTS (REVIEW ARTICLE)

Ayad Alalaf,Waleed Fekry

doi:10.33899/magrj.2020.128155.1070

Abstract

Soil and irrigation water salinity are among the main problems hindering agricultural development, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, which depends on especially surface irrigation as the main means in agriculture. The salinity lead to low growth and production of plants, including fruit, as a result of the temporal, azalotic, or nutrients imbalance. Salinity of the soil or irrigation water greatly reduces the growth, productivity and quality of fruit crops by affecting their physiological, chemical and biological functions as they cause obstruction to the absorption of some elements by the plant and if it increased absorption of salts, it causes ion poisoning of the cell, as well as increased salts cause less absorption of water by the plant due to the high osmosis of soil water. There are many ways to reduce the salt stress in the growth of fruit plants, the most important of which is adding organic fertilizers such as humic acid or spraying with the amino acid proline.

Highlights

The stress is caused by the exposure of the plant to adverse and Salt stress: abnormal external conditions and has a clear impact on growth and production
‫مـجـلـــة زراعـــة الــرافـديــن‬ 2020 )4( ‫) العدد‬48( ‫المجلد‬. Such as K+, Ca2+ and NO3-1 (Munns and Tester, 2008), which leads to a lack of elements and concentrate sodium and chloride with toxic levels in the cells, and confirmed this Gratten and Grieve (1999) that any imbalance of nutrients when planting in saline soils or irrigation with salty water leads to a lack of some elements, including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as a result of the high concentration of chloride and sodium that compete to enter the tissues of plants causing an imbalance of nutrients, as well that higher concentration of salts in soil lead to drying of the roots because the soil salts draw water from these roots (Parida and Das, 2005)
The results of studies showed that salinity affects the absorption of water and nutrients and the physical and chemical properties of the soil, leads to a decrease of plant productivity, and that the increase in the concentration of salts in the medium of growth leads to a decrease in the efficiency of Photosynthesis process, leading to dry and fall leaves (Munns and Tester, 2008)

Summary

Introduction

The stress is caused by the exposure of the plant to adverse and Salt stress: abnormal external conditions and has a clear impact on growth and production.

Results

Conclusion