Abstract
Soybean isoflavones compounds such as genistein, daidzein, and glycitein have numerous human health benefits including the reduction of risks of cardiovascular diseases, breast and prostate cancers, and menaupose symptoms in women. Understanding the genetic and environmental control of isoflavones accumulation is of great importance for developing new cultivars with high amounts of seed isoflavones. This study was conducted to analyze the effect of row spacing (25 cm vs. 50 cm) on seed isoflavones accumulation using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross of PI 438489B and “Hamilton” (PIxH, n = 50). The two row spaces generated plant densities of 250,000 plants/ha and 90,000 plants/ha, respectively. Significant differences in soybean seed isoflavones (daidzein, genistein and glycitein) contents have been observed between plants grown in the two different plant densities. The mean daidzein content was 0.03458 μg·g-1 in plants grown in 50 cm row spaces (low plant density), which was significantly higher than its content (0.03019 μg·g-1) in plants grown in 25 cm row spaces (high plant density). Similarly, the mean glycitein content in plants grown in 50 cm row spaces (0.01905 μg·g-1) was significantly higher than its content in plants grown in 25 cm row spaces (0.00498 μg·g-1. Also, the mean genistein content in plants grown in 50 cm row spaces (0.01466 μg·g-1) was higher than its content in plants grown in 25 cm row spaces (0.00831 μg·g-1). These preliminary results are important in guiding farmers and breeders on choosing the best row spaces to grow soybean plants in order to optimize isoflavones contents. Further studies are needed to understand the correlation between seed isoflavones contents and other agronomic traits such as seed yield, protein, and oil contents.
Highlights
Soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are one of the major cash crops in the United States with a wide variety of benefits forhuman health
Standard deviations, ranges and co-efficient of variation for seed isoflavone contents in parents and recombinant inbred line (RIL) are shown in Table 1 and Table 2
This study was conducted to study the effect of row spacing on seed isoflavone accumulation using the recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross of PI 438489B and Hamilton
Summary
Soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are one of the major cash crops in the United States with a wide variety of benefits forhuman health. Several studies reported that higher yields are obtained in plants grown in low row spaces compared to plants grown in high row spaces in rice [8], cotton [3] [5], Cuphea (Cuphea viscosissima Jacq.) [9], sorghum [10], and soybean [2] [6]. Cuphea plans were grown in 38, 56, and 74 cm row spaces and data showed that plants grown in low row spaces show higher biomass and seed yield [9]. Another study found that soybean plants grown in 25 cm row spaces have higher yield (2470 kg·ha−1) compared to plants grown in 100 cm row spaces (2108 kg·ha−1) [1]. We found that plants grown in 25 cm row spaces had higher 100-seed weight, total seed weight, pod, and seed numbers compared to plants grown in 50 cm [11]
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