Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of rotenone stress on Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) populations in different habitats of Northeast China. The changes in kinase expression activity of endogenous substances (proteins, total sugars, trehalose, cholesterol, and free amino acids), detoxifying enzymes (cytochrome P450 and glutathione S-transferase), and metabolic enzymes (proteases and phosphofructokinases) in specimens from three populations were compared before and after stress with rotenone at median lethal concentration (LC50) and their response mechanisms were analyzed. Following a 24 h treatment with rotenone, the average LC50 rotenone values in A. glycines specimens from field populations A and B, and a laboratory population were 4.39, 4.61, and 4.03 mg/L, respectively. The degree of changes in the kinase expression activity of endogenous substances also differed, which indicated a difference in the response of A. glycines specimens from varying habitats to LC50 rotenone stress. The content of endogenous substances, detoxifying enzymes, and metabolic enzymes, except for that of free amino acids, changed significantly in all populations treated with rotenone at LC50 compared with that in the control (P < 0.05). The decrease in protein and trehalose content, and the obstruction of cholesterol transportation owing to decreased feeding in stressed individuals were the causes of A. glycines death after rotenone treatment. Aphis glycines resistance to rotenone may be related to cytochrome P450 expression.
Highlights
Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the main pests of soybeans and harms soybean plants by feeding on the leaves and causing undesirable effects, such as soybean leaf curling and plant dwarfing [1], which in turn leads to a series of economic problems such as decreased soybean yield and reduced quality [2]
The A. glycines adults for the laboratory population were collected from soybean plants cultivated in an artificial climate chamber in the laboratory, and had been cultured continuously for more than 3 years, the laboratory A. glycines population has been kept in the laboratory, according to the experimental needs, take the corresponding number of A. glycines
The activity of protease increased significantly in field population A (F = 6.031, df = 4, P = 0.033), field population B (F = 0.437, df = 4, P = 0.009), and in the laboratory population (F = 2.578, df = 4, P < 0.0001) by 26.5%, 41.3%, and 92.1%, respectively, whereas the free amino acid (FAA) content increased in field population A (F = 3.906, df = 4, P = 0.072), field population B (F = 0.331, df = 4, P = 0.268), and in the laboratory population (F = 7.180, df = 4, P = 0.189) by 16.5%, 9.48%, and 19.8%, respectively (Fig 1), but was not significant
Summary
Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the main pests of soybeans and harms soybean plants by feeding on the leaves and causing undesirable effects, such as soybean leaf curling and plant dwarfing [1], which in turn leads to a series of economic problems such as decreased soybean yield and reduced quality [2]. The prevention and control of Aphis glycines is primarily based on chemical methods, but the abuse of chemical pesticides. Effect of LC50 rotenone on Aphis glycines
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