Effect of Rosuvastatin and Glibenclamide in Alone or in Combination on Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetic Male Albino Wistar Rats: An Observer-blinded Experimental Interventional Study

Abstract

Introduction: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a complex of metabolic disorders which include obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, hypertension along with dyslipidemia. It is not clear whether rosuvastatin is having role in new onset diabetes. Aim: To assess the effect of rosuvastatin in comparison to glibenclamide on blood sugar levels and insulin resistance in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was carried out at Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Kalitheerthalkuppam, Puducherry on 42 adult male Wistar rats, for 8 weeks. Diabetes was created by feeding rats with High Fat and High Sugar (HFHS) diet over a period of 8 weeks. In total, 42 rats were allocated to in 7 groups, consisting of 6 animals per group. Group I -vehicle treated animals (control), group II - HFHS diet animals (Diabetic Control- DC), group III- glibenclimide (G) (5 mg/kg) + HFHS, group IV-rosuvastatin (R) (5 mg/kg) + HFHS, group V-R (10 mg/kg) + HFHS, group VI-G (5 mg/kg) + R (5 mg/kg) + HFHS diet, group VII-G (5 mg/kg) + R (10 mg/kg) + HFHS diet continued for 4 weeks. Rosuvastatin and glibenclamide were dissolved in distilled water and 95% ethanol respectively, and were given orally daily for 4 weeks after induction of diabetes. Data were subjected to one-way ANOVA using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0 followed by non parametric test with significance level set for p-value<0.05. Results: By end of 8th week, on comparison of control group with HFHS diet and glibenclamide treated group, there was significant rise in body weight, serum Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), in addition to Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) and Triglycerides (TG) levels. Glibenclamide treated (group III) animals on comparison with groups IV, V, VI, VII revealed reduction in body weight, serum LDL, VLDL and TG levels (p <0.001). Glibenclamide treated (group III) on comparing with groups IV, V, VI, VII, there was significant high serum HDL level (p<0.001). By 8th week, significant decrease in serum insulin and HOMA-IR level was observed when glibenclamide group III was compared with groups IV to VII treated animals (p <0.001). Conclusion: The study results indicate that the combination therapy of rosuvastatin and glibenclamide demonstrate beneficial effects on weight reduction, lipid profile and insulin resistant.