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Abstract
The genus Rosa belongs to the Rosaceae family and contains more than 100 species which are distributed in Europe, Asia, the Middle East and North America. Rosa species have long been used in traditional treatment of cold, infections and various inflammatory diseases. Although various studies have reported antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, renoprotective and anticancer activities of this genus, no previous studies have investigated the cytotoxic effect of Rosa pimpinellifolia on human cancer cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of R. pimpinellifolia and its cytotoxic effect against human colon (WiDr), liver (HepG2) and lung (A549) cancer cells compared with a normal fibroblast (BJ) cell line. The antioxidant properties of extract was determined using colorimetric methods, while the cytotoxic effect of extract was evaluated using MTT assay. The total phenolic content and reducing power values of extract were calculated as 16.4±0.4 mg gallic acid equivalent and 34.3±2.4 mg trolox equivalent per g sample, respectively. Although the extract exhibits selective cytotoxic effect on three cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner compared to BJ cells, the highest selectivity index value (2.7-fold) was obtained for the WiDr cell line. In conclusion, this is the first study to demonstrate the cytotoxic effect of R. pimpinellifolia on cancer cells. To demonstrate the molecular mechanism of this cytotoxic effect and to carry out in vivo studies may be a guide for future clinical studies.
Highlights
Cancer is a major public health problem worldwide, and approximately 10 million new cases are detected annually (Faezizadeh et al, 2016)
Because natural products are an important source of phytochemicals and other bioactive compounds, they are an important resource for therapeutic products that can prevent or cure a large number of diseases (Mármol et al, 2020)
Since plants can contain large amounts of these compounds, it has come to the fore in recent years, and the determining the antioxidant activity of plants has become one of the most popular research areas (Tumbas et al, 2012)
Summary
Cancer is a major public health problem worldwide, and approximately 10 million new cases are detected annually (Faezizadeh et al, 2016). The plant extracts with low toxicity on normal cells and with greater effect on cancer cells have led the scientific community to investigate the anticancer properties of herbal products (Faezizadeh et al, 2016; Zarei and Yaghoobi, 2019). Many epidemiological and clinical studies have revealed the positive relationship between herbal medicines consumption and human health (Lall et al, 2015; Mármol et al, 2020). For this reason, natural products rich in bioactive substances have become an area of interest for the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries in recent years (Aliyazicioglu et al, 2017; Demir et al, 2018a). The emergence of side effects of synthetic antioxidants in chronic use has further increased this interest
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