Effect of resveratrol on bone formation in the expanded inter‐premaxillary suture: early bone changes

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of local resveratrol (RSVL) administration on bone formation in response to expansion of the inter-premaxillary suture, in rats. Twenty 50- to 60-day-old male Wistar rats were separated into two equal groups. Both groups were subjected to expansion, and 30 cN of force was applied to the maxillary incisors with helical-spring. Twenty-four hours after appliance placement, single-dose 10 μmol/kg RSVL in the dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was injected to the inter-premaxillary suture in the experimental group. In the control group, the same amount of DMSO was injected to the suture of rats. Bone formation in the suture was evaluated histomorphometrically. The area of new bone (μm(2)), the perimeter around the new bone (μm), Feret's diameter (μm), the percentage of new bone to non-ossified tissue (%), and the number of osteoblast were measured and compared. Mann-Whitney U-test was used for statistical evaluation at p < 0.05 level. Statistically significant differences were found between the groups for all histomorphometric parameters. New bone area (p < 0.001), bone perimeter (p < 0.001), Feret's diameter (p < 0.001), percentage of new bone (p < 0.001), and the number of osteoblast (p < 0.001) were significantly larger in the experimental group when compared with the control. Bone histomorphometric measurements revealed that bone architecture in the RSVL treated rats was improved. Local application of RSVL during the early stages to orthopedically expanded inter-premaxillary suture area may stimulate bone formation and shorten the retention period, in rats.